build_where_clause

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb, line 1613
      def build_where_clause(opts, rest = []) # :nodoc:
        opts = sanitize_forbidden_attributes(opts)

        if opts.is_a?(Array)
          opts, *rest = opts
        end

        case opts
        when String
          if rest.empty?
            parts = [Arel.sql(opts)]
          elsif rest.first.is_a?(Hash) && /:\w+/.match?(opts)
            parts = [build_named_bound_sql_literal(opts, rest.first)]
          elsif opts.include?("?")
            parts = [build_bound_sql_literal(opts, rest)]
          else
            parts = [model.sanitize_sql(rest.empty? ? opts : [opts, *rest])]
          end
        when Hash
          opts = opts.transform_keys do |key|
            if key.is_a?(Array)
              key.map { |k| model.attribute_aliases[k.to_s] || k.to_s }
            else
              key = key.to_s
              model.attribute_aliases[key] || key
            end
          end
          references = PredicateBuilder.references(opts)
          self.references_values |= references unless references.empty?

          parts = predicate_builder.build_from_hash(opts) do |table_name|
            lookup_table_klass_from_join_dependencies(table_name)
          end
        when Arel::Nodes::Node
          parts = [opts]
        else
          raise ArgumentError, "Unsupported argument type: #{opts} (#{opts.class})"
        end

        Relation::WhereClause.new(parts)
      end