not

Returns a new relation expressing WHERE + NOT condition according to the conditions in the arguments.

#not accepts conditions as a string, array, or hash. See QueryMethods#where for more details on each format.

User.where.not("name = 'Jon'")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name = 'Jon')

User.where.not(["name = ?", "Jon"])
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name = 'Jon')

User.where.not(name: "Jon")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name != 'Jon'

User.where.not(name: nil)
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name IS NOT NULL

User.where.not(name: %w(Ko1 Nobu))
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name NOT IN ('Ko1', 'Nobu')

User.where.not(name: "Jon", role: "admin")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name = 'Jon' AND role = 'admin')

If there is a non-nil condition on a nullable column in the hash condition, the records that have nil values on the nullable column won’t be returned.

User.create!(nullable_country: nil)
User.where.not(nullable_country: "UK")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (nullable_country = 'UK')
# => []